VoIP security has been called in question recently, though there is little
evidence to indicate that VoIP security is any less than conventional
telephony systems.
VoIP voice data is transmitted via a packet-switched data network using
IP. VoIP systems can carry a significant higher number of calls, and very
much faster, than traditional PSTN networks due to compression of the
voice packets, modern broadband technology and a number of other gateway
developments which have reduced the previous packet delivery problems to
an extent that the protocol is now a viable mainstream telephony solution
to most business needs.
VoIP security should therefore be shown to be at least as effective as
that of traditional telephone systems.
There is actually very little difference between VoIP security and that
required for any other type of data transmission system. Look on it the
same as you do your email system. The same as your office LAN if you have
one. You probably have a system in operation whereby only authorized
personnel can use certain aspects of the network. VoIP security can, and
do, use the same techniques.
However, having said that, let.s have a look at potential weak points in
VoIP security that budding hackers may see as good points of attack.
IP PBX CALL MANAGEMENT BOXES
PBX stands for Private Branch Exchange, and is piece of software running
on a server. It.s function is to deal with all the switches and
connections involved in the telephone system. These can be attacked by
hackers or viruses which could compromise sensitive data. VoIP security
systems are designed with this risk in mind.
PBX equipment should be placed behind firewalls, locked down and regularly
monitored for unwarranted intrusions using intrusion-detection software.
It is also possible to put the server in a different domain from the rest
of the system, making it much more difficult for intruders to reach. PBX
security is a basic aspect of VoIP security systems
GATEWAYS AND DATA PACKETS
The gateway.s job is to convert voice to data packets, transmit them then
receive and convert the packets back into voice. These are a potential
VoIP security risk in that thy can be hacked into unless there is an
access-control system in place to prevent unauthorized people from
accessing the system. VoIP calls should only be permitted to specific
people, and most good VoIP security systems allow only authorized user to
operate VoIP systems under password control.
The data packets themselves can be hacked into using data-sniffing
techniques. This can be a serious VoIP security risk and packet sniffers,
as they are often called, capture binary data passing through your network
and can reroute it to a computer on another network for decoding into a
readable form. In order to do this, the .sniffers. has to be on the same
network wire as the packet is using to reach its destination. The problem
in installing an effective VoIP security system is that there is usually a
lot of information passing at any one time, and the hacker has a higher
probability of getting useful information than from a conventional
telephone system.
Encrypting VoIP traffic and routing it through a virtual private network
would reduce the VoIP security risk, and most corporate systems have
multiple encryption layers for external messages. Internal security could
be improved by running internal VoIP messages through this corporate
network. Small businesses should seek the advice of their supplier, or of
a security expert if they feel that they may be subject to such attacks.
However, VoIP security advisors can point small to medium companies in the
right direction. Corporate VoIP security is generally not so much problem
in that it is normally contracted out to expert advisers.
In the final analysis, however, there are no real differences between VoIP
security and the normal security concerns associated with any data network
service, such as normal office internet and email LANs. The security
firewalls and restricted access to use, common on these systems, should
suffice to deal with VoIP security
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