The buzz for this new phone system technology is reaching a fever pitch
yet, many people still have limited knowledge. There are many terms that
you need to understand when searching for a VoIP provider so that you may
take advantage of this low cost technology. I am going to list them here.
AS - A group of networks under mutual administration that share the same
routing methodology. An AS uses an internal gateway protocol and common
metrics to route Packets within the AS, and uses an external gateway
protocol to route packets to other AS.
ASP (Application Service Provider)
An independent, third-party provider of software-based services delivered
to customers across a wide area network (WAN).
ATA . Analog Telephone Adapter A device that connects between an analog
telephone and an Internet connection port, and allows you to use a
standard phone to make and receive VoIP calls over the Internet.
Average Hold Time - The average length of time between the moment a caller
finishes dialing and the moment the call is answered or terminated
Bandwidth The maximum data carrying capacity of a transmission link. For
networks, bandwidth is usually expressed in bits per second (bps).
Broadband
Descriptive term for evolving digital technology that provides consumers a
single switch facility offering integrated access to voice, high-speed
data service, video demand services, and interactive delivery services.
Codec - Short for coder/decoder, a piece of hardware or software that
automatically encodes/compresses and decodes/decompresses voice signal
data packets. A codec is used to minimize bandwith usage while preserving
voice quality. Although many proprietary compression schemes exist, VoIP
networks typically incorporate at least one of several standardized audio
CODECs for the sake of interoperability.
Compression
compression is used at anywhere from 1:1 to 12:1 ratios in VOIP
applications to consume less bandwidth and leave more for data or other
voice/fax communications. The voice quality may decrease with increased
compression ratios.
Find-me/Follow-me Lying at the heart of the "unified messaging" or
"ubiquitous communication" concept, Find me/Follow me is a feature that
routes incoming calls to a user no matter where he or she roams or what
type of device is being used (home, business or mobile phone). This
"presence" feature, which rings multiple phones simultaneously, is offered
by many IP PBXs and some hosted services. The feature is typically
activated by pressing a softkey.
Firewall
A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private
network. Firewalls can be implemented as hardware, software, or a
combination of both. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass
through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do
not meet the security criteria specified on the firewall.
FXO - Foreign Exchange Office. A device that connects with a Central
Office (CO) or PSTN analog line.
FXS - Foreign Exchange Station. A device that connects with an "end-user"
device such as a telephone or fax machine.
Gatekeeper - The central control entity that performs management functions
in a Voice and Fax over IP network and for multimedia applications such as
video conferencing. Gatekeepers provide intelligence for the network,
including address resolution, authorization, and authentication services,
the logging of Call Detail Records, and communications with network
management systems.
Gatekeepers control bandwidth, provide interfaces to existing legacy
systems, and monitor the network for engineering purposes as well as for
real-time network management and load balancing, .
Internet Telephony . Any method of transmitting voice over the internet. A
multimedia PC with special client software will digitalize your voice.
IP PBX - IP Private Branch Exchange. A business phone system that offers
advanced phone services between VoIP and PSTN networks, such as
music-on-hold, automatic call-routing, voicemail, and call transfer.
IP phone - also called an Internet phone or broadband phone. An IP phone
plugs into a broadband Internet connection to make and receive VoIP calls
over the Internet.
Packet . A logically grouped unit of data. These packets of data are
distributed over the internet, and then are de-constructed to voice when
they reach their destination.
PSTN - Public-Switched Telephone Network, is the commonly-known telephone
network. PSTN is a circuit-switched network.
PSTN Failover - an optional port on an IP phone or ATA device that
connects to the PSTN network in case your Internet connection or
electrical power goes down. This configuration requires you to have a
regular telephone line and service.
Route - A set of parameters predefined by Voip provider to facilitate
routing of traffic between the Gateways/Gatekeepers controlled by a Voip
provider Member either via ownership or via a partnership with the owner.
Along with specifying other parameters, a Voip provider Member using the
Gatekeeping Service assigns to a Route values specifying the details of
both originating and terminating Gateways/Gatekeepers.
SIP - Session Initiation Protocol. One of the newer, more common signaling
protocols used for VoIP.
Softphone - a "software" phone on a PC that can send and receive calls
over the Internet.
VoIP - Voice over Internet Protocol, which is a technology that allows you
to make and receive phone calls and faxes over the Internet instead of
through the telephone or cellular network.
VoIP Gateway - device that converts analog voice signals to digital IP
packets for communication over an Ethernet (LAN or WAN) network.
VSP - VoIP Service Provider
In order to use VoIP, both sender and receiver need to have a broadband
connection. This is a high-speed Internet connection usually provided by
cable or a DSL modem. Broadband modems are usually used to connect
computers to the Internet, but in the case of VoIP, computers are not
necessary, because now there are telephones that connect directly.
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